This winter farmers can grow vegetables using the following information:
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Spinach:
Growing Pattern- Spinach prefers cooler temperatures and can be planted in early fall for winter harvest. It germinates well in soil temperatures around 50°F (10°C) and grows best between 35°F and 55°F (1°C to 13°C). Spinach tends to bolt (flower) in warmer temperatures, but will continue to grow and thrive in the winter with protection (like row covers).
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Carrots:
Growing Pattern- Carrots are root vegetables that can survive the winter if planted in late summer or early fall. The roots can be harvested throughout winter, especially if you mulch heavily or protect them with row covers. Carrots become sweeter after a frost, as the cold temperatures convert some starches to sugars.
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Winter Lettuce (e.g., Romaine, Butterhead):
Growing Pattern- Winter lettuce varieties are more cold-tolerant than their warm-season counterparts. Plant in late summer or early fall, and they will grow slowly through the cooler months. Lettuce prefers temperatures between 40°F and 50°F (4°C to 10°C). With protection like row covers, lettuce can survive mild winter temperatures.
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Cabbage:
Growing Pattern- Cabbage can be planted in late summer or early fall. It grows best in cool temperatures and is very frost-tolerant. It will continue growing slowly during the winter, and its flavour becomes sweeter after exposure to frost.
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Radishes:
Growing Pattern- Radishes are fast-growing and can be planted in late summer or early fall. Some varieties, like the "Winter Radish," are specifically bred for cooler weather and can handle frost. Radishes grow quickly and can be harvested in about 4–6 weeks, but with cool weather, they may take longer.
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Garlic:
Growing Pattern- Garlic is planted in the fall, typically in October or November, and is harvested the following summer. It needs a cold period to develop properly. The cloves are planted in the soil before the first frost and will sprout in the spring.
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Beets:
Growing Pattern- Beets can tolerate frost and can be planted in late summer or early fall. Like carrots, their flavour sweetens with frost exposure. Beets grow best in cool temperatures, around 50°F to 60°F (10°C to 15°C), and they will continue growing slowly through the winter if left in the ground.
